Top image: The heart is completely shifted to the left side of the chest cavity, which is a case of common pectus excavatum; Bottom image: The heart is located at the bottom of the indentation, not shifted to the left, and is clearly compressed, which is a case of malignant pectus excavatum. Pectus excavatum is a common chest wall deformity that usually causes no significant symptoms if the indentation is mild. This is because the heart shifts toward the left side of the ch

This guide explores Poland syndrome, a rare congenital condition, covering its prevalence, symptoms, and modern treatment options.

Paradoxical breathing is an abnormal respiratory pattern characterized by the chest or abdomen moving in the opposite direction to normal respiratory motion. ​ Under normal circumstances, the chest wall expands and the abdomen protrudes during inhalation, while the chest wall contracts and the abdomen sinks during exhalation. In paradoxical breathing, however, the chest wall collapses and the abdomen sinks inward during inhalation, and protrudes outward during exhalation. ​ T

Acute angle deformity refers to a specific type of localized deformity where a sharp angle forms in areas of significant protrusion or depression of the chest wall. This malformation does not exist independently but rather manifests as a feature within a diverse range of chest wall deformities, encompassing single deformity such as pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum, as well as various complex deformities. ​ Acute angle deformity is most commonly seen in cases where pectus

Considering pectus carinatum surgery? This guide will help you understand the diagnostic process, determine if you're a candidate, and compare the key surgical options, including the Ravitch, Abramson, and Wenlin procedures.

Explore the causes of barrel chest, including primary and secondary types, and available treatments such as the Wenlin procedure.

Understand pectus excavatum vs. pectus carinatum: causes, symptoms, incidence, and treatment differences.

Expert guide to the 3 leading minimally invasive surgeries for pectus excavatum—Nuss, Wang, Wung procedure—covering indications, techniques, risks, recovery & rehab tips.

Get clear-cut answers in this Pectus Excavatum FAQs: learn what pectus excavatum is, its genetic links, symptoms, whether it worsens with age, and proven non-surgical & surgical treatments.